The association between paternal and adolescent depressive symptoms: evidence from two population-based cohorts
Lewis G, et al. The Lancet Psychiatry 2017, Volume 4 , Issue 12 , 920 – 926
This large study investigated links between paternal depression when children were 7 or 9 years old and later adolescent depressive symptoms in 6070 participants of the Growing Up in Ireland (GUI) and Millennium Cohort Studies (MCS). A 3-point increase in paternal depressive symptoms (measured via the CES-D scale for adult depression) was associated with an increase of 0.24 points and 0.18 points (measured via the SMFQ scale for adolescent depression) in the GUI and MCS cohorts respectively.
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366(17)30408-X/fulltext