Maternal and paternal depressive symptoms and children’s emotional problems at the age of 2 and 5 years: a longitudinal study.
Pietikäinen, J.T., Kiviruusu, O., Kylliäinen, A., Pölkki, P., Saarenpää‐Heikkilä, O., Paunio, T. and Paavonen, E.J. (2020). J Child Psychol Psychiatr, 61: 195-204. doi:10.1111/jcpp.13126
Maternal depression has long been known to be associated with childhood behaviour problems. However, some researchers have argued that the statement is sexist as little research has been done with fathers. This study of maternal and paternal depression demonstrates that maternal depression is much more of a risk factor for childhood emotional problems at 2 and 5 years and that these effects are not compensated for by having a non-depressed father.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jcpp.13126?campaign=woletoc